Creación del distintivo Soludable: un modelo de certificación en fotoprotección para centros escolares / Creation Of The «Soludable» Sun Protection Accreditation Program For Schools

Introducción: La exposición solar en la infancia es el principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer de piel en la vida adulta. Las intervenciones basadas en programas y políticas de fotoprotección escolar han demostrado ser las estrategias más eficaces y coste-efectivas para la prevención del cáncer de piel. Objetivos: Elaborar un modelo de certificación que permita identificar de forma objetiva aquellos centros escolares que promueven activamente la fotoprotección. Métodos: Se empleó metodología de consenso basada en panel de expertos, recurriendo al método Delphi en 2 rondas. Se analizaron las medianas de las valoraciones de la importancia y factibilidad de cada una de las recomendaciones, y el porcentaje de respuestas positivas para los niveles de cada una de ellas. Resultados: Se obtuvo un modelo integrado por 14 recomendaciones junto a sus criterios de evaluación, relativas a 7 dimensiones: 1) liderazgo organizacional (5 recomendaciones), 2) comunicación efectiva (2 recomendaciones), 3) elementos estructurales (2 recomendaciones), 4) formación de profesionales (una recomendación), 5) currículum escolar (una recomendación), 6) modelos de conducta (2 recomendaciones) y 7) hábitos del alumnado (una recomendación). Todas las recomendaciones mostraron un alto nivel de acuerdo, tanto en la valoración de la importancia y factibilidad como en la categorización de los niveles de complejidad. Conclusión: Se trata del primer distintivo de fotoprotección escolar que se desarrolla en nuestro país. Se necesitan estudios que evalúen el grado de aceptación de la estrategia y su impacto en los hábitos de fotoprotección de los escolares

Introduction: Sun exposure during childhood is the main risk factor for skin cancer in later life. School-based sun protection policies and practices have proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategies for preventing skin cancer. Objective: To develop a sun protection accreditation program known as «Soludable» (a play on the Spanish words sol [sun] and saludable [healthy]) to objectively identify schools that actively promote sun protection behaviors among students. Methods: The consensus method used was a 2-round Delphi technique with input from a panel of experts. We then calculated the median scores for the importance and feasibility of each of the recommendations proposed and the level of complexity assigned to each recommendation by counting the percentage of experts who chose each difficulty category. Results: The resulting accreditation model consists of 14 recommendations with corresponding evaluation criteria divided into 7 domains: 1) organizational leadership (5 recommendations), 2) effective communication (2 recommendations), 3) structural elements (2 recommendations), 4) training of professionals (1 recommendation), 5) school curriculum (1 recommendation), 6) behavioral models (2 recommendations), and 7) student habits (1 recommendation). A high level of agreement among experts was observed for all recommendations, in terms of both their perceived importance and feasibility and their categorization by levels of complexity. Conclusions: This is the first sun protection accreditation program developed for Spanish schools. Studies are needed to evaluate how this program is received and how it affects students' sun protection behaviors

Creation Of The «Soludable¼ Sun Protection Accreditation Program For Schools. / Creación del distintivo Soludable: un modelo de certificación en fotoprotección para centros escolares.

INTRODUCTION: Sun exposure during childhood is the main risk factor for skin cancer in later life. School-based sun protection policies and practices have proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategies for preventing skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: To develop a sun protection accreditation program known as «Soludable¼ (a play on the Spanish words sol [sun] and saludable [healthy]) to objectively identify schools that actively promote sun protection behaviors among students. METHODS: The consensus method used was a 2-round Delphi technique with input from a panel of experts. We then calculated the median scores for the importance and feasibility of each of the recommendations proposed and the level of complexity assigned to each recommendation by counting the percentage of experts who chose each difficulty category. RESULTS: The resulting accreditation model consists of 14 recommendations with corresponding evaluation criteria divided into 7 domains: 1) organizational leadership (5 recommendations), 2) effective communication (2 recommendations), 3) structural elements (2 recommendations), 4) training of professionals (1 recommendation), 5) school curriculum (1 recommendation), 6) behavioral models (2 recommendations), and 7) student habits (1 recommendation). A high level of agreement among experts was observed for all recommendations, in terms of both their perceived importance and feasibility and their categorization by levels of complexity. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first sun protection accreditation program developed for Spanish schools. Studies are needed to evaluate how this program is received and how it affects students' sun protection behaviors.